Tratamiento de la distonía cráneo-cervical con toxina botulínica tipo A (Xeomen)
Abstract
Introducción. La distonía cráneo-cervical constituye una de las distonías segmentarias más frecuentes. Numerosos tratamientos han sido ensayados para esta enfermedad; la toxina botulínica tipo A ha sido usada como tratamiento desde la década del 80 del siglo pasado. Métodos. Estudio prospectivo en 23 pacientes con distonía cráneo-cervical a los cuales se les administró toxina botulínica tipo A (Xeomen). Resultados. El inicio del efecto clínico fue de 5,65 días. El efecto máximo a los 28,35 días. La duración máxima del efecto de 3,67 meses. Después de la administración de la toxina se observó un 60,20% de incremento de la actividad, dos pacientes presentaron complicaciones (ptosis palpebral y lagrimeo), lo que resulta un nivel de tolerancia a la toxina botulínica tipo A de un 87%. Conclusiones. La toxina botulínica resultó ser efectiva en el tratamiento de la distonía cráneo-cervical, el blefaroespasmo tipo tónico respondió mejor y la respuesta fue evidente desde el día de la aplicación. Las complicaciones del proceder fueron mínimas.
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