Aortic bypass: an experimental model of microsurgical training in the rat
Keywords:
surgical anastomosis, bypass, Wistar ratsAbstract
Introduction: Training in advanced microsurgical techniques includes end-to-side anastomosis, which is performed in laboratory rats using an aortic bypass model.
Objective: To describe the technique of aortic bypass in an experimental model in rats.
Methods: Two Wistar rats were used (one as the donor and the other as the recipient). The donor was used to harvest the abdominal aorta on the day of the end of a faculty project. The recipient underwent aortic bridge with the portion of the aorta harvested from the donor by creating two end-to-side anastomoses. Both were anesthetized with sodium thiopental (60 mg/kg of body weight) intraperitoneally. Binocular goggles, basic microsurgical instruments, 10-0 polypropylene microsutures, and simple vascular microclamps were used.
Results: The illustrated description of this technique allows residents and specialists to successfully perform this aortic bypass model. It helps achieve the estimated time (less than 30-45 minutes), refine this vascular suturing technique, and achieve optimal anastomosis patency.
Conclusions: The description of the technique in this aortic bypass model is an excellent exercise for the acquisition of microsurgical skills.
References
1. Carbonell Cantí C. Reflexiones sobre una técnica quirúrgica: el bypass arterial. Discurso de recepción del académico electo. Real Academia de Medicina de la Comunidad Valenciana. Valencia, España [Internet]. 2012 [acceso: 22/03/2025]; 1-110. Disponible en:
https://www.uv.es>III-03-Dr_Carbonell.pdf.
2. Gamero Medina V, Orgaz Alvarez M, Cedeño Poveda MF, Bautista Castro JJ, Cobos Alonso J. Complicaciones del Bypass Aórtico [Internet]. 2018. Disponible en: https://piper.espacio-seram.com/index.php/seram/article/view/1290
3. Camacho García, FJ, Ramírez León, JF, Rojas Galvis, MA, Cortés Barré, M, Cogua Cogua, LN. Guía de microcirugía en técnicas de entrenamiento en cirugía de mínima invasión [Internet]. Rev Colomb Ortop Traumatol. 2019 [acceso: 22/03/2025]; 33(52):18-33. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rccot.2019.07.007
4. Lawton MT, Lang MJ. The future of open vascular neurosurgery: perspectives on cavernous malformations, AVMs, and bypasses for complex aneurysms [Internet]. J Neurosurg. 2019 [acceso: 22/03/2025]; 130(5):1409–25. Disponible en: https://thejns.org/view/journals/j-neurosurg/130/5/article-p1409.xml
5. Pérez Zabala J, Beldi F,Tovar A, Kuchlewski P, Nuñez M, Lozano G, Abojer L, Belziti H. Modelo integral de entrenamiento microquirúrgico y neuroendovascular con placenta humana [Internet]. Revista Argentina de Neurocirugía. 2020 [acceso: 22/03/2025]; 34(04). Disponible en: https://www.ranc.com.ar/index.php/revista/article/view/149/113
6. Zapata Ospina A, Hoyos A. Técnica de microcirugía para entrenamiento en supermicrocirugía [Internet]. Rev Col Cirugía Plástica y Reconstructiva. 2023 [acceso: 22/03/2025]; 29(1):39-44 Disponible en: http://www.ciplastica.com
7. Rodríguez Sosa VM, Domínguez López HA, Zubizarreta Hernández I, Gutiérrez González A, Aliaga Aliaga Y. Entrenamiento básico de microcirugía. Centro de Cirugía Experimental, Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Preclínicas “Victoria de Girón” [internet]. Rev Haban Cienc Méd. 2018 [acceso: 26/03/2025]; 18(1):17-29. Disponible en: http://www.revhabanera.sld.cu/index.php/rhab/article/view/2228
8. Pruthi N, Tyagi G, Gohil D. End-to-side microvascular anastomosis on rat femoral vessels using only 2-throw knot interrupted sutures—evaluation of feasibility and patency rates on rat femoral vessels model [Internet]. World Neurosurg. 2021; 148: e145–e50. DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.12.078
9. Thamm OC, Eschborn J, Schäfer RC, Schmidt J. Advances in Modern Microsurgery [Internet]. J Clin Med. 2024; 13: 5284. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13175284
10. American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) [Internet]. 2022. Human-animalbond.AVMA.org. Disponible en: htpps://www.avma.org/kb/resources/reference/human.
animalbond/pages/human.animal-bond-avma.
11. Rusly Hariantana Hamid, AR. Optimizing microsurgery training for plastic surgery resident: A systematic review [Internet]. Neurologico Spinale Medico Chirurgico. 2022 [acceso: 29/03/2025]; 5(1):45-51 Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/365374560_Optimizing_ microsurgery_ training_for_plastic_surgery_resident_A_systematic_review
12. Velayos M, Estefanía Fernández K, Muñoz Serrano AJ, Delgado Miguel C, Sarmiento Caldas MC, Moratilla Lapeña L, et al. Hacia un programa inicial de formación estandarizado en microcirugía experimental para cirujanos pediátricos [Internet]. Cir Pediatr. 2023 [acceso: 29/03/2025]; 36: 83-89 Disponible en: https://secipe.org/coldata/upload/revista/2023_36-2ESP_83.pdf
13.Javid P, Aydin A, Mohanna PN, Dasgupta P, Ahmed K. Current status of simulation and training models in microsurgery: A systematic review [Internet]. Microsurgery. 2019; 39 (7): 655-68. DOI: 10.1002/micr.30513
14. Kania K, Chang DK, Abu-Ghname A, Reece EM, Chu CK, Maricevich M, et al. Microsurgery Training in Plastic Surgery [Internet]. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2020; 8(7): e2898. DOI: 10.1097/GOX0000000000002898
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Victor Manuel Rodríguez Sosa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors retain copyright and all unrestricted publication rights.
Medicoquirúrgicas Research is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) and follows the SciELO Publishing Schema (SciELO PS) for publishing in XML format.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material.
The license cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do this in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
Non-Commercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
No Additional Restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from making any use permitted by the license.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where their use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation.
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all the permissions you need for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
