Factors associated with antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori
Keywords:
predisposing factors, microbial drug resistance, Helicobacter pyloriAbstract
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is a ubiquitous bacterium that is highly resistant to gastric acid and is directly involved in the onset of gastrointestinal diseases. By eradicating it, gastrointestinal lesions (peptic ulcers and gastric cancer) could be cured or at least delayed.
Objective: To determine the factors associated with antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori.
Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed design research was carried out from October 2022 to July 2024. In the first stage, the patient's own factors related to Helicobacter pylori resistance to antimicrobials were systematized. Subsequently, the phenotypic patterns of antimicrobial resistance of Helicobacter pylori strains in patients were characterized and then the possible relationships between them were explored.
Results: The percentage of resistance found was metronidazole (95.2 %), clarithromycin (38.1 %), levofloxacin (19.1 %), and amoxicillin (4.8 %). There were no isolates resistant to tetracycline or rifampicin.
Eight of the 21 isolates showed resistance to two or more antibiotics. Multi-resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin and levofloxacin was the most frequent.
Conclusions: Helicobacter pylori resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole has increased in relation to previous studies in Cuba. A high sensitivity to the other antimicrobials is maintained. Resistance to clarithromycin and levofloxacin is associated with previous use and other personal pathological history.
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