Characterization of patients with diabetic foot in a secondary care hospital
Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, diabetic foot, prevention, rehabilitationAbstract
Introduction: Diabetic foot is one of the most serious complications of diabetes mellitus and may lead to disability and amputation.
Objective: To characterize the morbidity associated with diabetic foot in a secondary care hospital.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at Calixto García General University Hospital from 2018 to 2020. Ninety-six patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot who agreed to participate in the study were evaluated. Patients with oncological proliferative processes, foot lesions unrelated to diabetes, and decompensated chronic diseases were excluded. The variables studied included age, sex, comorbidities, smoking, etiological classification of diabetic foot, treatment, complications, and preventive and rehabilitation measures after discharge. Information was obtained through medical record review. Descriptive statistics were used.
Results: Fifty-three women and 43 men were evaluated, with a mean age of 63.6 years. Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity, and neuroinfectious diabetic foot was the most common clinical presentation. The mean hospital stay was 21.8 days. Surgical treatment was the most frequently used modality. Heberprot-P® was administered to 22 patients; of these, two required major amputation and six required minor amputation. At discharge, 51 patients received preventive and rehabilitation measures.
Conclusions: Patients over 50 years of age and neuroinfectious lesions predominated. Surgical treatment was the most frequently used therapeutic modality. Preventive and rehabilitation measures after discharge were part of the comprehensive management of these patients.
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